Abstract: The Ganja River basin, characterized by a wide range of elevations and climatic gradients,
constitutes a unique ecological matrix distinguished by its diverse vegetation assemblages. Rigorous
investigations, encompassing over 100 phytosociological descriptions and the collection of 300
herbarium specimens, have elucidated 20 distinct types of fluorescent vegetation, classified based
on phytochrome composition and their dominant edifiers. For the first time, a comprehensive and
contemporary phytocenological framework at the association level has been developed, delineating
vegetation distribution across ecological zones, including forests, meadows, swamps, and wetlands.
Utilizing I.G. Serebryakov’s classification system, the research reveals a nuanced stratification of life
forms into vegetative, restorative, and irruptive species types, which are further categorized into
ecological groups such as mesoxerophytes, xeromesophytes, halomesophytes, and saprophytes. The
study critically examines the drivers of soil erosion and the diminished productivity of natural fodder
areas, proposing targeted phytomelioration strategies aimed at restoring ecological equilibrium
and reinforcing the stability of coastal slopes. These findings significantly advance the discourse on
sustainable resource management and emphasize the imperative of safeguarding the ecological
integrity of the Ganja River basin.