ABSTRACT The present research investigates Prunus spinosa L., which is widely distributed in Azerbaijan, to evaluate its genetic resources, identify promising genetic material based on phenological and morphological diversity, and enhance scientific knowledge of wild flora biodiversity. A total of 100 distinct genotypes collected in situ from various regions of Azerbaijan were comprehensively analyzed at the Department of General Agriculture, Genetics and Selection of the Azerbaijan State Agrarian University. In phenological studies, the flowering period occurred from 25 March to 20 April, lasting 10–15 days. Leaf formation began in early April (5 April) and was completed by early May and fruit formation from late May to late June. The duration of fruit ripening extended from late July to late September, depending on genotype and environmental conditions. Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance (ANOVA), principal component analysis (PCA), correlation and cluster analysis were applied to assess morphological and pomological traits. Greater variability was observed in vegetative traits than in generative traits, while shape indices of leaves, fruits, and stones remained highly stable. According to the PCA, 91.31% of the total variation was captured by the first three components, with fruit- and stone-related traits making the strongest contribution to intraspecific diversity. The results of ANOVA confirmed the presence of highly significant differences (p<0.001) among genotypes for all traits examined. Cluster analysis separated the genotypes into five major clusters, mainly based on Stem diameter and fruit size, while organ shape showed little variation among clusters. Significant genetic and morphological diversity was confirmed in Prunus spinosa L., highlighting its potential as a rich genetic resource for future breeding programs and the development of locally adapted, productive varieties.